Hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumors: The importance of preoperative diagnosis.

Accurate preoperative diagnosis is highly important for the treatment of perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) because PEComas are mainly benign tumors and may not require surgical intervention. By analyzing the causes, properties and clinical manifestations of PEComas, we summarize the challenges and solutions in the diagnosis of PEComas.

Long non­coding RNA DANCR aggravates breast cancer through the miR­34c/E2F1 feedback loop.

Emerging scientific evidence has suggested that the long non­coding (lnc)RNA differentiation antagonizing non­protein coding RNA (DANCR) serves a significant role in human tumorigenesis and cancer progression; however, the precise mechanism of its function in breast cancer remains to be fully understood. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to manipulate DANCR expression in MCF7 and MDA­MB­231 cells using lentiviral vectors to knock down or overexpress DANCR. This manipulation, alongside the analysis of bioinformatics data, was performed to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the role of DANCR in cancer. The mRNA and/or protein expression levels of DANCR, miR­34c­5p and E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) were assessed using reverse transcription­quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. The interactions between these molecules were validated using chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual­luciferase reporter assays. Additionally, fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to confirm the subcellular localization of DANCR. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were determined using 5­ethynyl­2'­deoxyuridine, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that DANCR had a regulatory role as a competing endogenous RNA and upregulated the expression of E2F1 by sequestering miR­34c­5p in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, E2F1 promoted DANCR transcription by binding to its promoter in breast cancer cells. Notably, the DANCR/miR­34c­5p/E2F1 feedback loop enhanced cell proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cells. Thus, these findings suggested that targeting DANCR may potentially provide a promising future therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.

Network Pharmacology Combined with Molecular Docking Approach to Investigate the Mechanism of ChuShiWeiLing Decoction Against Perianal Eczema.

BACKGROUND: ChuShiWeiLing Decoction (CSWLD) is a famous classical Chinese prescription for the treatment of eczema with desirable effect in clinical practice. It has gradually exerted good curative effects on perianal eczema (PE) in recent years, but its specific mechanism is not elucidated yet. OBJECTIVE: This research explores the underlying pharmacological mechanism of CSWLD in addressing PE through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking strategy. METHODS: The key chemical compounds and potential target genes of CSWLD were screened by bioinformatics. The major targets of CSWLD were discovered using network modules. Functional annotation of Gene Ontology (GO) was undertaken, as well as pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Molecular docking of core protein-ligand interactions was modeled using AutoDock software. Pymol software was used to perform a molecular dynamics simulation for the ideal core protein-ligand that was discovered by molecular docking. RESULTS: A total of 2,853 active compounds and 922 targets of CSWLD were collected. The target with a higher degree was identified through the PPI network, namely TNF, IL6, ALB, STAT3, EGFR, TLR4, CXCL8 and PTPRC. GO and KEGG analyses suggested that CSWLD treatment of PE mainly involves cellular activation, activation of leukocytes, and adhesion among leukocytes. The molecular docking results showed that wogonin, hederagenin and quercetin of CSWLD could bind to IL-6 and TNF, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that the bioactives, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of CSWLD against PE.

Erratum: [Corrigendum] Downregulated caveolin­1 expression serves a potential role in coronary artery spasm by inducing nitric oxide production in vitro.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6646.].

Mixed crushing and competitive leaching of all electrode material components and metal collector fluid in the spent lithium battery.

Hydrometallurgy is a primary method for recovering cathode electrode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Most of the current research materials are pure cathode electrode materials obtained through manual disassembly. However, the spent LIBs are typically broken as a whole during the actual industrial recycling which makes the electrode materials combined with the collector fluid. Therefore, the competitive leaching between metal collector fluid and electrode material was examined. The pyrolysis characteristics of the electrode materials were analyzed to determine the pyrolysis temperature. The electrode sheet was pyrolyzed and then crushed for competitive leaching. The effect of pyrolysis was analyzed by XPS. The competitive leaching behavior was studied based on leaching agent concentration, leaching time and leaching temperature. The composition and morphology of the residue were determined to prove the competitive leaching results by XRD-SEM. TG results showed that 500 °C was the suitable pyrolysis temperature. XPS analysis demonstrated that pyrolysis can completely remove PVDF. Li and Co were preferentially leached during the competitive leaching while the leaching rates were 90.10% and 93.40% with 50 min leaching at 70 °C. The Al and Cu had weak competitive leachability and the leaching rate was 29.10% and 0.00%. XRD-SEM analysis showed that Li and Co can be fully leached with residual Al and Cu remaining. The results showed that the mixed leaching of electrode materials is feasible based on its excellent selective leaching properties.

LncRNA EBLN3P Accelerates Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Colon Cancer through Modulating the miR-519d-3p/ZFP91 Axis.

Purpose: The study aims to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs endogenous bornavirus-like nucleoprotein (lncRNA EBLN3P) in colon cancer, emphasizing the potential impact of these insights on advancing colon cancer treatment strategies. By shedding light on lncRNA EBLN3P's involvement, this research could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches, enhancing the efficacy of interventions for colon cancer patients. Methods: We employed quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to assess the levels of lncRNA EBLN3P, zinc finger protein (ZFP91), and miR-519d-3p, alongside CCK-8 and EdU assays for cell proliferation, flow cytometry for apoptosis, and Transwell and wound healing assays for migration and invasion. The in vivo function of lncRNA EBLN3P was investigated through a xenograft model, and protein levels were evaluated via Western blot analysis. Results: LncRNA EBLN3P was found to be upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells, promoting cell proliferation and metastasis while inhibiting apoptosis. Downregulation of lncRNA EBLN3P reduced tumor size, volume, and weight in a mouse model. MiR-519d-3p, which negatively interacts with lncRNA EBLN3P, was found to be downregulated in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Its upregulation hindered cancer cell proliferation and metastasis while enhancing apoptosis. ZFP91, a binding partner of miR-519d-3p, was upregulated in colon cancer and inversely related to miR-519d-3p levels. Rescue experiments indicated that the effects of lncRNA EBLN3P silencing could be reversed by miR-519d-3p suppression, but were mitigated by ZFP91 downregulation. Conclusion: LncRNA EBLN3P facilitates colon cancer progression via the miR-519d-3p/ZFP91 axis, presenting a novel understanding of lncRNA EBLN3P's role and offering potential therapeutic insights for colon cancer treatment. This study fills a critical gap by linking lncRNA EBLN3P with the miR-519d-3p/ZFP91 axis in the context of colon cancer, thereby broadening our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying colon cancer progression.

The Compatibility of COFs Cathode and Optimized Electrolyte for Ultra-Long Lifetime Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery.

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (RAZIBs) are attractive due to their affordability, safety, and eco-friendliness. However, their potential is limited by the lack of high-capacity cathodes and compatible electrolytes needed for reliable performance. Herein, we have presented a compatibility strategy for the development of a durable and long-lasting RAZIBs. The covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on anthraquinone (DAAQ-COF) is created and utilized as the cathode, with zinc metal serving as the anode. The electrolyte is made up of an aqueous solution containing zinc salts at various concentrations. The COF cathode has been designed to be endowed with a rich array of redox-active groups, enhancing its electrochemical properties. Meanwhile, the electrolyte is formulated using triflate anions, which have exhibited superiority over sulfate anions. This strategy lead to the development of an optimized COF cathode with fast charging capability, high Coulombic efficiency (nearly 100 %) and long-term cyclability (retention rate of nearly 100 % at 1 A g-1 after 10000 cycles). Moreover, through experimental analysis, a co-insertion mechanism involving Zn2+ and H+ in this cathode is discovered for the first time. These findings represent a promising path for the advancement of organic cathode materials in high-performance and sustainable RAZIBs.

(111) Facet-oriented Cu2Mg Intermetallic Compound with Cu3-Mg Sites for CO2 Electroreduction to Ethanol with Industrial Current Density.

The efficient ethanol electrosynthesis from CO2 is challenging with low selectivity at high CO2 electrolysis rates, due to the competition with H2 and other reduction products. Copper-based bimetallic electrocatalysts are potential candidates for the CO2-to-ethanol conversion, but the secondary metal has mainly been focused on active components (such as Ag, Sn) for CO2 electroreduction, which also promote selectivity of ethylene or other reduction products rather than ethanol. Limited attention has been given to alkali-earth metals due to their inherently active chemical property. Herein, we rationally synthesized a (111) facet-oriented nano Cu2Mg (designated as Cu2Mg(111)) intermetallic compound with high-density ordered Cu3-Mg sites. The in situ Raman spectroscopy and density function theory calculations revealed that the Cu3 - δ $_{^{\rm{{\rm \delta} }} }$ --Mg- δ $_{^{\rm{{\rm \delta} }} }$ + active sites allowed to increase *CO surface coverage, decrease reaction energy for *CO-CO coupling, and stabilize *CHCHOH intermediates, thus promoting the ethanol formation pathway. The Cu2Mg(111) catalyst exhibited a high FEC2H5OH of 76.2±4.8 % at 600 mA⋅cm-2, and a peak value of |jC2H5OH| of 720±34 mA⋅cm-2, almost 4 times of that using conventional Cu2Mg with (311) facets, comparable to the best reported values for the CO2-to-ethanol electroreduction.

ALKBH5-mediated upregulation of CPT1A promotes macrophage fatty acid metabolism and M2 macrophage polarization, facilitating malignant progression of colorectal cancer.

m6A modification has been studied in tumors, but its role in host anti-tumor immune response and TAMs polarization remains unclear. The fatty acid oxidation (FAO) process of TAMs is also attracting attention. A co-culture model of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and macrophages was used to simulate the tumor microenvironment. Expression changes of m6A demethylase genes FTO and ALKBH5 were screened. ALKBH5 was further investigated. Gain-of-function experiments were conducted to study ALKBH5's effects on macrophage M2 polarization, CRC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and more. Me-RIP and Actinomycin D assays were performed to study ALKBH5's influence on CPT1A, the FAO rate-limiting enzyme. AMP, ADP, and ATP content detection, OCR measurement, and ECAR measurement were used to explore ALKBH5's impact on macrophage FAO level. Rescue experiments validated ALKBH5's mechanistic role in macrophage M2 polarization and CRC malignant development. In co-culture, CRC cells enhance macrophage FAO and suppress m6A modification in M2 macrophages. ALKBH5 was selected as the gene for further investigation. ALKBH5 mediates CPT1A upregulation by removing m6A modification, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and facilitating CRC development. These findings indicate that ALKBH5 enhances fatty acid metabolism and M2 polarization of macrophages by upregulating CPT1A, thereby promoting CRC development.

Thromboxane A2 Modulates de novo Synthesis of Adrenal Corticosterone in Mice via p38/14-3-3γ/StAR Signaling.

Prostanoids are endogenous lipid bioactive mediators that play essential roles in physiological processes such as glucocorticoid secretion. Here, it is found that the thromboxane (Tx)A2 receptor (TP) is highly expressed in the adrenal cortex of mice. Both global and adrenocortical-specific deletion of the TP receptor lead to increased adiposity in mice by elevating corticosterone synthesis. Mechanistically, the TP receptor deletion increases the phosphorylation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and corticosterone synthesis in adrenal cortical cells by suppressing p-p38-mediated phosphorylation of 14-3-3γ adapter protein at S71. The activation of the p38 in the adrenal cortical cells by forced expression of the MKK6EE gene attenuates hypercortisolism in TP-deficient mice. These observations suggest that the TxA2 /TP signaling regulates adrenal corticosterone homeostasis independent of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the TP receptor may serve as a promising therapeutic target for hypercortisolism.

Extended survival with metastatic pancreatic cancer under fruquintinib treatment after failed chemotherapy: Two case reports.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant disease. After decades of treatment progress, the current five-year survival rate for patients is still less than 10%. For later-line treatment, the treatment options are even more limited. Anti-angiogenic drugs can improve progression-free survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Preclinical data show that fruquintinib might improve the prognosis of advanced pancreatic cancer by targeting angiogenesis and lymphopoiesis, improving the abnormal vascular structure, and modulating the tumour immune microenvironment. CASE SUMMARY: We present two cases of third-line fruquintinib monotherapy that brought an extraprolonged progress-free survival (PFS) of 10 months. Patient 1 took adjuvant gemcitabine-based and first-line nab-paclitaxel-based chemotherapy and then used local radiotherapy combined with programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1). Each line lasted approximately 7 months. Moreover, the patient took third-line fruquintinib, which was followed by stable disease for 10 months, during which no additional adverse effect was observed. The patient later refused to take fruquintinib due to difficulty urinating and lower abdominal pain after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The patient died in February 2023. Patient 2 also took two prior lines of chemotherapy and then local radiotherapy combined with S-1. After confirmed disease progression, the patient experienced a continuous partial response after using fruquintinib monotherapy in the third line. After the patient had COVID-19 in December 2022, fruquintinib was discontinued. The patient died in January 2023 due to disease progression. CONCLUSION: Both cases achieved a PFS benefit from later-line single-agent fruquintinib therapy. With its better safety profile, fruquintinib may be worth exploring and studying in more depth as a later-line treatment for pancreatic cancer patients.

Mechanism and treatment of diarrhea associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become first-line drugs for cancer treatment. However, their clinical use is seriously hindered since many patients experience diarrhea after receiving TKIs. The mechanisms of TKI-associated diarrhea remain unclear. Most existing therapies are symptomatic treatments based on experience and their effects are unsatisfactory. Therefore, clarification of the mechanisms underlying diarrhea is critical to develop effective anti-diarrhea drugs. This article summarizes several potential mechanisms of TKI-associated diarrhea and reviews current treatment progress.

Nobiletin, an active component of Wenyang Yiqi formula, alleviates constipation associated depression through targeting MAPT to inhibit the MAPK signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that is often accompanied by depression. Nobiletin is a natural compound that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant effects. PURPOSE: To study the effects of nobiletin extracted from Wenyang Yiqi Formula 19 (WYF) on STC accompanied by depression and the related mechanism in STC mouse models. METHODS: In this study, the effects of nobiletin on STC accompanied by depression were investigated in both an STC animal model and an in vitro study. The animal model was induced by loperamide, and the in vitro study used Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) isolated from STC mice. The efficacy of nobiletin was assessed by comparing various parameters, including stool particle counts, moisture content, intestinal propulsive rate, colon histopathology, microtubule-associated protein-tau (MAPT) expression in colon tissue, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ, and the levels of MAPK pathway-related proteins among three experimental groups. RESULTS: Nobiletin treatment significantly improved stool particle counts, moisture content, intestinal propulsive rate, and colon histopathology in the STC animal model. Nobiletin also decreased MAPT expression in colon tissue and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ, and the levels of MAPK pathway-related proteins. In the in vitro study, nobiletin treatment reversed the increased cell proliferation and cell apoptosis observed in ICC isolated from the STC model. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that nobiletin exhibits promising therapeutic potential in addressing STC accompanied by depression. This potential may be attributed to its ability to regulate the function of ICC by targeting MAPT.

Patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Migraineurs with Massive Right-to-Left Shunt and White Matter Lesions: An Exploration on Curative Effects.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in migraine patients with a massive right-to-left shunt (RLS) and white matter lesions (WMLs). Methods: The research focused on migraine patients with a massive RLS who underwent PFO closure in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021. The study included 51 patients without WMLs (control group, CG) and 27 patients with WMLs (observation group, OG). A 12-month postoperative follow-up survey was conducted to assess headache episodes (frequency and duration), evaluated using the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) and the Pain Intensity Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The psychological state was also evaluated using the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAMA, HAMD). Adverse reactions during the follow-up were recorded. Results: No significant differences in perioperative and prognostic adverse reactions were observed between OG and CG (P > .05). Both groups showed a reduction in postoperative headache episodes and pain intensity. However, the OG exhibited higher frequency and duration of headache episodes and elevated HIT-6 and VAS scores, resulting in lower clinical efficacy (P < .05). Postoperatively, both groups demonstrated reductions in HAMA and HAMD, with CG showing lower scores compared to OG (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis identified the course of the disease, HIT-6 score, and the presence of WMLs as independent risk factors for the efficacy of PFO closure (P < .05). Conclusions: PFO closure proves effective and safe in treating migraine patients with RLS. However, for those with WMLs, clinical attention should be directed toward the treatment of WMLs.

New cassane-type alkaloids and diterpenoids from the pericarps of Caesalpinia bonduc.

The phytochemical investigation of the pericarps of Caesalpinia bonduc led to the isolation and identification of five new cassane-type alkaloids: caesalminines C - G (1-5) and six new diterpenoids: caesalbonducin K - P (6-11), along with seven known compounds (12-18). Compounds 1-5 were identified as a group of rare alkaloids possessing a tetracyclic cassane-type diterpenoid skeleton with a lactam D-ring instead of a typical furan or lactone moiety. The structures of 1-11 were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR including HSQC, HMBC, COSY and NOESY, and other spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated in the A431, A549 and U87MG cancer cell lines.

Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy Reveals Bioaccumulation of Small Microplastics in Protozoa from Natural Waters.

Microplastics (MPs) are pollutants of global concern, and bioaccumulation determines their biological effects. Although microorganisms form a large fraction of our ecosystem's biomass and are important in biogeochemical cycling, their accumulation of MPs has never been confirmed in natural waters because current tools for field biological samples can detect only MPs > 10 µm. Here, we show that stimulated Raman scattering microscopy (SRS) can image and quantify the bioaccumulation of small MPs (<10 µm) in protozoa. Our label-free method, which differentiates MPs by their SRS spectra, detects individual and mixtures of different MPs (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and poly(methyl methacrylate)) in protozoa. The ability of SRS to quantify cellular MP accumulation is similar to that of flow cytometry, a fluorescence-based method commonly used to determine cellular MP accumulation. Moreover, we discovered that protozoa in water samples from Yangtze River, Xianlin Wastewater Treatment Plant, Lake Taihu and the Pearl River Estuary accumulated MPs < 10 µm, but the proportion of MP-containing cells was low (∼2-5%). Our findings suggest that small MPs could potentially enter the food chain and transfer to organisms at higher trophic levels, posing environmental and health risks that deserve closer scrutiny.

Coupling experimental with simulation studies into the impact factors and reaction mechanism of sawdust char pressured hydrogasification on K-modified transition metal composite catalysts.

The utilization of biomass char was hindered by the low gasification activity due to thick ring structures and unclear gasification mechanism. Herein, the mechanism was elucidated by experimental and DFT to improve the activity. The results demonstrated that temperature increased the gasification activity but did not changed the order of gasification activity of samples. Pressure dominated the position of the highest point of instantaneous CH4 yield, and high pressure enhanced carbon conversion by 81.72 % and 7.32 times. Moreover, KNi exhibited an uppermost catalytic activity with the instantaneous CH4 yield 1.89 times higher than that of raw char at 750 °C. The formation of the CxNi structure lowered the activation barrier for the ring opening reaction. Possible transformation pathways of Ni species were as follows: Ni(NO3)2·6H2O â†’ NiO â†’ Ni. KNi changed the reaction pathways and the most energy-consuming step. The study could shed light on the hydrogasification reaction mechanism.

An active piezoelectric plane X-ray focusing mirror with a linearly changing thickness.

X-ray mirrors for synchrotron radiation are often bent into a curved figure and work under grazing-incidence conditions due to the strong penetrating nature of X-rays to most materials. Mirrors of different cross sections have been recommended to reduce the mirror's slope inaccuracy and clamping difficulty in order to overcome mechanical tolerances. With the development of hard X-ray focusing, it is difficult to meet the needs of focusing mirrors with small slope error with the existing mirror processing technology. Deformable mirrors are adaptive optics that can produce a flexible surface figure. A method of using a deformable mirror as a phase compensator is described to enhance the focusing performance of an X-ray mirror. This paper presents an active piezoelectric plane X-ray focusing mirror with a linearly changing thickness that has the ability of phase compensation while focusing X-rays. Benefiting from its special structural design, the mirror can realize flexible focusing at different focusing geometries using a single input driving voltage. A prototype was used to measure its performance under one-dimension and two-dimension conditions. The results prove that, even at a bending magnet beamline, the mirror can easily achieve a single-micrometre focusing without a complicated bending mechanism or high-precision surface processing. It is hoped that this kind of deformable mirror will have a wide and flexible application in the synchrotron radiation field.

Clinical study of standard residual liver volume and transient elastography in predicting poor prognosis of patients after hemihepatectomy.

BACKGROUND: Liver cancer resection, especially in patients with hemihepatectomy or extended hemihepatectomy, often leads to poor prognosis, such as liver insufficiency and even liver failure and death, because the standard residual liver volume (SRLV) cannot be fully compensated after surgery. AIM: To explore the risk factors of poor prognosis after hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluate the application value of related prognostic approaches. METHODS: The clinical data of 35 patients with primary liver cancer in Nantong Third People's Hospital from February 2016 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was created using medcac19.0.4 to compare the critical values of the SRLV in different stages of liver fibrosis after hemihepatectomy with those of liver dysfunction after hemihepatectomy. It was constructed by combining the Child-Pugh score to evaluate its application value in predicting liver function compensation. RESULTS: The liver stiffness measure (LSM) value and SRLV were associated with liver dysfunction after hemihepatectomy. Logistic regression analysis showed that an LSM value ≥ 25 kPa [odds ratio (OR) = 6.254, P < 0.05] and SRLV ≤ 0.290 L/m2 (OR = 5.686, P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for postoperative liver dysfunction. The accuracy of the new liver reserve evaluation model for predicting postoperative liver function was higher than that of the Child-Pugh score (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: SRLV and LSM values can be used to evaluate the safety of hemihepatectomy. The new liver reserve evaluation model has good application potential in the evaluation of liver reserve function after hemihepatectomy.

Early screening of thalassemia in pregnant women in northern China by capillary electrophoresis for the determination of hemoglobin electrophoresis.

The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of capillary electrophoresis detection of hemoglobin electrophoresis (HE) for the early screening of thalassemia. In the first choice, 974 pregnant women were selected for capillary electrophoresis to detect HE, which showed that 46 of them were abnormal (4.72%), including 16 cases with HbA2<2.5% and 28 cases with HbA2>3.5% and/or HbF≥2.0%. In one case each of HbH and HbBart's abnormal bands was found. The genotype test results showed the presence of thalassemia in 34 cases, using the genotype test results as the gold standard, after calculation it was seen that capillary electrophoresis for HE diagnosis of the occurrence of thalassemia had a sensitivity and specificity of 54.34% and 70.97% (P<0.05). These results suggest that in the screening of thalassemia in northern China, capillary electrophoresis for HE has good application and can be used as one of the routine screening tools, but further confirmation by genotype testing is still needed.